4D Printing Classroom in Modern Interactive Learning Environments

The emergence of four-dimensional (4D) printing and bioprinting in additive manufacturing (AM), which require knowledge multi-physics, chemistry, engineering skills, are bringing many applications biomedical devices, wearables, robotics. This newly emerging technology has become a feasible commercial proposition because lower costs, more design freedom, rapid production methods. serves as significant multidisciplinary research training platform for both academia the professional world. work aims at enhancing researchers’ interest, knowledge, skills field 4D bioprinting. A greater promotion its practices enables students to pursue that may offer. Therefore, straightforward step-by-step approach, including design, metaphysics modeling principles, finite element method (FEM) simulation, minimum facilities replicate part an interdisciplinary unit class, is presented this study.